Living with schizophrenia and type 2 diabetes and the implication for diabetes self-care: A qualitative study.

AIM: To achieve an in-depth understanding of the challenges associated with diabetes management when having both schizophrenia and type 2 diabetes, while also identifying the needs for improved diabetes self-care. DESIGN: The study employed a qualitative explorative design utilizing a phenomenological-hermeneutic inspired approach, involving field observations and individual semistructured interviews. METHODS: Data were collected during 2020-2021 through 17 field observations of outpatient consultations and 13 individual semistructured interviews. Data, including field notes and verbatim transcribed interviews, underwent analysis following Ricoeur's interpretive philosophy, encompassing three levels: naïve reading, structural analysis and critical interpretation and discussion. This study adheres to the COREQ guidelines for qualitative research. RESULTS: Three key themes emerged: 'Diabetes when life is noisy', 'Sacrifices and compromises in life' and 'The double silence'. Everyday life is significantly affected when having both schizophrenia and T2D. The mental health state dominates in relation to diabetes self-care and individuals experience challenges balancing between the two conditions. However, there exists a general acknowledgement for diabetes and its long-term complications as a serious medical condition demanding careful attention and treatment. CONCLUSION: Self-managing two such complex conditions can be overwhelming and make it difficult for the individual to differentiate symptoms and prioritize diabetes care. Moreover, the existing fragmentation within healthcare systems poses communication challenges, resulting in disjointed patient pathways. IMPLICATIONS FOR PATIENT CARE: The study emphasizes the need for a holistic re that addresses the physical, emotional and social challenges. There is also a need for increased awareness and education among informal caregivers and healthcare professionals to foster better understanding and support.

The role of spirituality, religiosity, and self-care on infection preventionist well-being: Results from a national survey in the United States.

BACKGROUND: The degree to which religiosity, spirituality, and self-care practices can improve well-being among infection preventionists is not well understood. METHODS: We surveyed infection preventionists from a random sample of United States hospitals in 2021. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the associations between measures of spirituality, religiosity, and self-care and well-being. RESULTS: Our response rate was 47% (415/881). A total of 49% of respondents reported burnout, 17% reported increased feelings of uncaring, and 69% would choose to become an infection preventionist again. Most respondents found importance in spiritual well-being (88%), religious beliefs (82%), and self-care practices (87%). Spiritual well-being was associated with increased odds of choosing to become an infection preventionist again (odds ratio = 2.32, 95% confidence interval = 1.19-4.53, P = .01). DISCUSSION: Our national survey provides evidence that spiritual importance is associated with career satisfaction among infection preventionists. Our findings contribute to a general body of evidence suggesting spiritual importance may translate to higher flourishing and well-being via serving a higher purpose. CONCLUSIONS: Promoting spiritual well-being may positively influence career satisfaction and overall well-being among infection preventionists.

Entre zelar e cuidar: sentidos sobre saúde-doença em dirigentes da Umbanda / Entre celar y cuidar: significados sobre salud-enfermedad en los líderes de Umbanda / Between watching over and caring: meanings about health-disease in Umbanda leaders

RESUMO Por meio da antropologia da saúde, podemos compreender o terreiro de umbanda como parte de um sistema popular de cuidado. Este estudo teve por objetivo investigar as concepções de saúde e doença produzidas por zeladores de terreiro de umbanda. Participaram dez zeladores de terreiro da cidade de Uberaba (MG/Brasil), sendo três mulheres e sete homens, com idades entre 40 e 76 anos. O tempo médio de atuação como dirigente foi de 18,4 anos, variando de cinco a 43 anos. Os terreiros chefiados por esses participantes atendem entre 15 e 280 pessoas por dia de funcionamento. Pela análise das entrevistas, destaca-se que o cuidado em saúde oferecido pelos zeladores ultrapassa os limites rituais, nas cerimônias públicas, sendo prestado de modo contínuo nos terreiros. As posturas assumidas pelos entrevistados envolvem ações de escuta, acolhimento e proximidade física no momento da urgência. Pelas narrativas, pode-se concluir que o zelar, no sentido de gerenciar o espaço do terreiro, espiritual e materialmente, não pode ser dissociado do cuidar, significando os zeladores como importantes agentes populares de saúde.

RESUMEN A través de la antropología de la salud podemos entender el terreiro de umbanda como parte de un sistema de atención popular. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar las concepciones de salud y enfermedad producidas por los cuidadores del terreiro de umbanda. Participaron diez cuidadores de terreiro de la ciudad de Uberaba (MG/Brasil), tres mujeres y siete hombres, con edades comprendidas entre 40 y 76 años. El tiempo promedio como gerente fue de 18.4 años, que van de cinco a 43 años. Los terreiros encabezados por estos participantes atienden entre 15 y 280 personas por día de operación. Del análisis de las entrevistas, se destaca que la atención médica ofrecida por los cuidadores va más allá de los límites rituales, en ceremonias públicas, que se brindan continuamente en los terreiros. Las actitudes asumidas por los entrevistados implican escuchar, acoger y proximidad física en el momento de urgencia. A través de las narrativas, se puede concluir que el cuidado, en el sentido de administrar el espacio del terreiro, espiritual y materialmente, no se puede disociar del cuidado, lo que significa que los cuidadores son importantes agentes de salud populares.

ABSTRACT Through health anthropology we can understand the umbanda terreiro (specific place for the religious ritual) as part of a popular system of care. This study aimed to investigate the conceptions of health and illness produced by saint keepers of umbanda terreiro. Ten leaders of the terreiros in the city of Uberaba (MG/Brazil) participated, being three women and seven men, between 40 and 76 years old. The average time of performance as a manager was 18.4 years, ranging from 5 to 43 years. The terreiros led by these participants attend between 15 and 280 people working day. The health care offered by saint keepers exceeds ritual limits in public ceremonies and is provided on a continuous basis in the terreiros. The postures assumed by the interviewees involve actions of listening, welcoming and physical proximity at the moment of urgency. From the narratives, it can be concluded that care, in the sense of managing the space of the terreiro, both spiritually and materially, can not be dissociated from caring, meaning saint keepers as important popular health.

Mindfulness and compassion training on daily work with patients and within the multiprofessional palliative care team: a retrospective self-assessment study.

BACKGROUND: Palliative care teams work under challenging conditions in a sensitive setting with difficult tasks. The multi-professional team can play an important role. Mindfulness and compassion-based practices are used to build resilience. Our aim was to examine (1) feasibility and acceptability, (2) satisfaction and impact, and (3) opportunities and limitations of a mindfulness course. METHODS: An eight-week mindfulness and compassion course was delivered in a university-based specialized palliative care unit. A meditation teacher provided preparatory evening sessions and meditation exercises that could be integrated into daily activities. The scientific analysis of the course was based on a questionnaire developed for quality assessmentThe first two parts consisted of demographic, Likert-type, and free-text items. Part 3 consisted of learning objectives that were self-assessed after finishing the course (post-then). In the analysis, we used descriptive statistics, qualitative content analysis, and comparative self-assessment. RESULTS: Twenty four employees participated. 58% of participants attended 4 or more of the 7 voluntary mindfulness days. 91% expressed moderate to high satisfaction and would recommend the palliative care program to others. Three main categories emerged in the qualitative content analysis: providing feedback on the course, personal impact, and impact on professional life. The opportunity for self-care in a professional context was highlighted. Learning gains (CSA Gain) were high (38.5-49.4%) in terms of knowledge and techniques, moderate (26.2-34.5%) in terms of implementation of learned skills, and rather low (12.7-24.6%) in terms of changes to attitude. CONCLUSION: Our evaluation shows that the participants of a mindfulness and compassion course considered it as a feasible and welcome tool to familiarize a multi-professional palliative care team with self-care techniques. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Internal Clinical Trial Register of the Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, No. 2018074763 (registered retrospectively on 30th July 2018).

Expectativas en salud de las personas mayores que acuden a la atención primaria / Health expectations of older people attending primary care

INTRODUCCIÓN: Desde la última década se ha evidenciado el aumento de la población de personas mayores en Chile. Muchos de ellos son usuarios regulares del sistema público de salud el cual se caracteriza por entregar una atención de tipo integral. En este sentido, resulta relevante conocer los requerimientos en salud desde la perspectiva de las experiencias de las personas mayores con respecto al uso de este servicio. OBJETIDO: El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar las expectativas de las personas mayores que asisten a los centros de APS. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Este es un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, donde la muestra fue de 13 personas mayores de 65 años y más, autovalentes, de tres centros APS, los cuales fueron entrevistados mediante instrumento semiestructurado, con análisis cualitativo de datos método que incluyó codificación abierta y focalizada. RESULTADOS: Las expectativas de las personas mayores fueron categorizadas como requerimiento de una atención profesional integral, oportunidad de atención, accesibilidad de la atención, promoción de salud sobre el autocuidado, explicación de cambios en el envejecimiento con enfoque biológico y alfabetización en salud. CONCLUSIONES: Las expectativas de las personas mayores en este estudio dan cuenta de una atención profesional integral poco efectiva, además de la necesidad de un trato especializado al grupo poblacional específico, no sólo de los profesionales, sino también del personal administrativo de los centros de APS, considerándolos una barrera en la calidad de la atención.

INTRODUCTION: Since the last decade there has been evidence of an increase in the population of older people in Chile. Many of them are regular users of the public health system (PHS) which is characterized by providing comprehensive care. In this sense, it is relevant to know the health requirements from the perspective of the experiences of the older people regarding the use of this health service. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to identify the needs and expectations of older people attending PHS centers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: It were a qualitative and descriptive study. The sample was compounded by 13 people over 65 years and over, self-sufficient, from three PHS centers. It was used a semi-structured instrument. RESULTS: The main needs of the elderly were categorized as a requirement for comprehensive professional care, the opportunity for care, accessibility of care, health promotion on self-care, explanation of changes in aging with a biological focus and health literacy. CONCLUSIONS: The needs and expectations of the older people in this study account for an ineffective comprehensive professional care, in addition to the need for specialized treatment of the specific population group, not only of professionals but also of the administrative staff of the centers of PHS, considering them a barrier in the quality of care.

Association between Fear of COVID-19 with Self-care Behaviors in Elderly: A Cross- Sectional Study.

This study aims to determine the association between fear of COVID-19 with self-care in the elderly. This is a cross-sectional study, in which data were collected using the online survey method with three questionnaires: social demographic characteristics, fear of COVID-19, and elderly self-care. The 350 elderly people were selected by multi-stage sampling from the list of households registered in the integrated health system. According to the result, the mean (SD) age of participants was 69.91 (5.19) and two-thirds of them were married, also the majority of the participants (55%) had an education level less than a diploma. A direct and statistically significant correlation was observed between fear of COVID-19 and self-care. Linear regression analysis showed that the self-care rate decreases with increasing of the COVID-19 fear (B = -0.395, SE = 0.001, R2 = 0.154). The lowest scores were related to self-care which can be due to the restrictions applied and limited family relations during the COVID-19 epidemic. Therefore, it is recommended that purposeful training programs and appropriate psychological support interventions are developed to help overcome COVID-19 fear and help elderly people use preventative behaviors.

Self-harm wounds: assessment and management.

The management of self-harm (SH) wounds requires a non-judgemental holistic approach on the part of the health professional. It is important that SH wounds are assessed, and that interventions are agreed between the health professional and the patient. This article looks at definitions of SH and provides guidance on how health professionals can make an accurate assessment of the wound and, in addition to agreement treatment with the patient, provide patient education and guidance on self-care.

Spiritual Health First Aid for Self-Care: Nursing During COVID-19.

ABSTRACT: Nurses who provided care to patients with coronavirus (COVID-19) and supported patients in their transition from life to death in the absence of patients' families have been especially needful of spiritual self-care. A spiritual first aid kit can help nurses cope with these difficult times. Spiritual self-care is vital for all nurses to renew and preserve the psychological, spiritual, and physical self.

The value of intentional self-care practices: The effects of mindfulness on improving job satisfaction, teamwork, and workplace environments.

BACKGROUND: Burnout rates among nurses have detrimental impact on job satisfaction, teamwork, and patient care. This costs millions of dollars in the healthcare system and challenges nurse leaders to address in order to keep up with the healthcare demands. Furthermore, burnout is especially relevant in our current healthcare climate, as frontline nurses have increased workload and multiple psychosocial stressors during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic (Sultana, Sharma, Hossain, Bhattacharya, & Purohit, 2019). Literature also suggests that mindful self-care practices need to be reinforced in order to impact burnout long term (Chamorro-Premuzic & Lusk, 2017). Project7 Mindfulness Pledge© is an accessible and voluntary mindfulness tool that nurses can utilize in their individual practice to reduce burnout and does not require significant time commitment. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of intentional self-care practices on nurse burnout and workplace environment by measuring job satisfaction and teamwork among nurses. METHODS: Comparisons between inpatient units on data from the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators (NDNQI) with the Practice Environment Scale (PES), specifically on job enjoyment and teamwork, were done utilizing ANOVA. RESULTS: Results show that nurses in an inpatient unit that implemented Project7 has significantly higher job satisfaction as compared to units that did not implement Project7. CONCLUSIONS: This suggests that this tool provides an effective and accessible mindfulness framework managers and directors can utilize to improve job satisfaction, teamwork, and thereby reduce burnout to create healthier work environments.

Seeking Divine Intervention to Manage the Advanced Stages of Breast Cancer in Southwestern Nigeria.

BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization records indicate that breast cancer is the most common cancer in women both in developed and developing regions of the world. In developed countries, breast cancer is the second cause of cancer-related deaths, whereas in developing countries, breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women. The empirical literature on Nigeria indicates that women present with advanced stages of the illness. OBJECTIVES: To explore the health-seeking behaviors of Southwestern Nigerian women with advanced breast cancer from the time they noticed a breast abnormality to their eventual presentation at the hospital for the management of the illness. METHODS: Thirty women with advanced stages of breast cancer in a large tertiary, referral, teaching, and university-affiliated Southwestern Nigeria Hospital were purposively selected for study participation. Participants completed a demographic information form and an in-depth face-to-face, one-on-one, semistructured interview guided by open-ended questions. Data analysis was inductive. RESULTS: Findings revealed that women sought divine interventions for the management of breast cancer. Prayer and spirituality were associated with high levels of optimism among the study participants. CONCLUSION: Nurses should provide information and counseling to women and the general public on the etiology and appropriate management of breast abnormalities and include the importance of a spiritual dimension of care. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Findings indicate the need to introduce a spiritual dimension to the care of women with advanced breast cancer. Findings also indicate the need for a comprehensive population-based breast health education.

Testing a Proactive Model of Successful Aging Among Older Adults in Costa Rica and Spain.

The purpose of this study is to examine successful aging among Spanish-speaking older adults in Costa Rica and in Spain using the proactive framework proposed by Kahana et al. (2014). More specifically, we hypothesized that older adults' life satisfaction would be positively associated with the frequency and perceived level of social support, spirituality/having purpose in life, and the use of proactive physical, cognitive, and social self-care behaviors. Our results confirmed these hypotheses, not only for the overall group of participants, but also separately for older adults in Costa Rica and in Spain. The present study contributes to the literature of successful aging among older adults, by examining the protective factors associated with life satisfaction among Spanish speaking older adults in Costa Rica and in Spain. It identifies specific protective factors (spirituality/purpose in life, social support, and self-care) associated with the values and preferences held by participants in the study.

Sauna bathing frequency in Finland and the impact of COVID-19.

OBJECTIVES: Recent research has revealed multiple potential health benefits of frequent sauna bathing. Finland is a country with extraordinary sauna culture and bathing opportunities. However, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic introduced regulations and unprecedented closures to shared sauna facilities. In this study we aimed to examine the previously unknown baseline bathing frequency and its possible change during the epidemic. DESIGN: We investigated several aspects of sauna bathing with self-reports: the frequency, its possible changes, reasons for change, and beliefs about its health effects among a representative sample of thousand Finns aged 18-75 years. This online survey was administered in May 2020. RESULTS: Before the pandemic, 59 % of our respondents had enjoyed sauna at least once a week. Since the pandemic began, up to 23 % had reduced or stopped their bathing. This was often due to restricted sauna access. However, 11 % of respondents bathed more frequently and attributed this change to seeking relaxation and passing time. These findings demonstrate a surprising flexibility in this health-promoting national pastime. Men were more active bathers than women overall and women under 35 enjoy sauna more seldom than older women. Only 7.9 % of all respondents bathed at least four times a week, exceeding a suggested threshold for maximum health benefits. CONCLUSIONS: Finnish people are active sauna bathers. The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated that the frequency of bathing is dependent on good access to sauna facilities. This flexibility and wide access could be exploited to improve public health in the long term if more frequent bathing became a standard.

Cuidado de si: representações sociais de cuidadores familiares de pacientes com AVC / Caring for oneself: social representations of stroke patients' family caregivers / Cuidado de sí mismos: representaciones sociales de los cuidadores de pacientes con familiares accidente cerebrovascular

Objetivo: Analisar as representações sociais de cuidadores familiares de pacientes acometidos por AVC, sobre o cuidado de si. Método: Estudo descritivo, no qual foi utilizado como aporte teórico as representações sociais. Foram investigados 20 cuidadores que frequentavam duas clinicas especializadas em Belém do Pará. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e organizados pela técnica de análise temática indutiva. Resultados:O cuidado de si foi representado pelos cuidadores como de difícil agregação às suas atividades de cuidar do adoecido pelo AVC devido à sobrecarga de trabalho, a qual gerou estresse e frustração. Alguns cuidadores conseguiram transformar esse estresse em uma representação pertencente a complexidade da sua vivência e da realidade do cuidado. Conclusão:Foi possível acessar o seu imaginário social e consequentemente a produção de significados atrelados as ações dos cuidadores, comportamentos e componentes cognitivos envolvidos na realidade do cuidar

Objective:The study's main goal has been to investigate the social representations of stroke patients' family caregivers by focusing on self-care. Methods: It is a descriptive study, which used the theoretical approach of social representations. There were investigated 20 caregivers who attended two specialized clinics in Belém city, Pará State, Brazil. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and processed by the inductive thematic analysis technique. Results: Self-care was represented by caregivers as difficult to combine to their activities of caring for the person suffering from stroke due to work overload, which generated stress and frustration. Some caregivers were able to transform this stress into a representation belonging to a complexity of their experience and the care reality. Conclusion: It was possible to access their social imagery and, consequently, the production of linked meanings as caregivers' actions, behaviors and cognitive components involved in the care reality

Objetivo: Analizar las representaciones sociales de los cuidadores de pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular de la familia en el auto cuidado.Método: Estudio descriptivo, que se utilizó como las representaciones sociales teóricas. Investigaron 20 cuidadores que asisten a dos clínicas especializadas en Belem. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas semi-estructuradas y organizadas por la técnica de análisis temático inductivo. Resultados: El cuidado de sí estuvo representada por los cuidadores como difíciles de agregar sus actividades para atender a los enfermos por accidente cerebrovascular debido a la sobrecarga de trabajo, lo que causó el estrés y la frustración. Algunos cuidadores fueron capaces de convertir ese estrés en una representación que pertenece a la complejidad de su experiencia y la realidad cuidado. Conclusión: Fue posible acceder a los imaginarios sociales y por lo tanto la producción de significados vinculado las acciones de los cuidadores, el comportamiento y los componentes cognitivos implicados en la realidad de la atención

Autocuidado autorreferido: contribuições da Medicina Clássica Chinesa para a Atenção Primária à Saúde / Self-referred self-care: the contributions of traditional Chinese Medicine to Primary Health Care / Autocuidado auto-referido: contribuciones de la medicina clásica china a la Atención Primaria de la Salud

As recomendações biomédicas para o autocuidado tendem a prescrições comportamentais preventivistas (heterorreferidas). A introdução de lógicas não biomédicas no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), como a Medicina Chinesa, não tem sido suficiente para mudar a perspectiva do autocuidado na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Frente à redução do autocuidado da Medicina Chinesa na sua diáspora para o Ocidente, discute-se o potencial de enriquecimento do autocuidado a partir da totalidade de práticas da Medicina Clássica Chinesa e sua possibilidade de contribuir para os objetivos da APS. Este ensaio é baseado em três fontes: entrevistas com acupunturistas da APS, autoetnografia e análise da literatura. Conclui-se que a Medicina Clássica Chinesa fomenta o autoconhecimento, autopercepção e aprendizado (autorreferidos) pelas suas técnicas e ou sua abordagem, podendo ser um potencializador das ações de fomento ao autocuidado na APS.

Biomedical recommendations on self-care tend towards (hetero-referred) preventive behavioral prescriptions. The incorporation of non-biomedical approaches such as Chinese medicine into the public health care system has not been enough to change perspectives on self-care in primary health care (PHC). In the face of the reduction of self-care in Chinese medicine in its diaspora to the West, the literature has discussed the potential for enhancing self-care by building on the practices of traditional Chinese medicine and its potential to contribute to the objectives of PHC. This essay draws on three sources: interviews with acupuncturists working in primary care services, autoethnography and an analysis of the literature. It is concluded that traditional Chinese medicine fosters (self-referred) self-knowledge, self- awareness and learning through its techniques or approach, potentiating actions designed to promote self-care in PHC.

Las recomendaciones biomédicas para el autocuidado tienden a prescripciones comportamentales de prevención (hetero-referidas). La introducción de lógicas no biomédicas en el Sistema Único de Salud, como la medicina china, no ha sido suficiente para cambiar la perspectiva del autocuidado en la atención primaria de la salud (APS). Ante la reducción del autocuidado de la medicina china en su diáspora hacia occidente, se discute el potencial de enriquecimiento del autocuidado a partir de la totalidad de prácticas de la medicina clásica china y su posibilidad de contribuir con los objetivos de la APS. Este ensayo se basa en tres fuentes: entrevistas con profesionales de acupuntura de la APS; autoetnografía y análisis de la literatura. Se concluyó que la medicina clásica china fomenta el autoconocimiento, la autopercepción y al aprendizaje (auto-referidos) por sus técnicas o su abordaje, pudiendo ser un potenciador de las acciones de fomento al autocuidado en la APS.

Assess the Pulse of Your Morning.

Global pandemics and societal unrest add greater weight to nurses' workloads and personal coping abilities. Appropriate self-care includes assessing one's physical, emotional, and spiritual pulse. Taking needed breaks for rest and inner nourishment is essential.

Integrative Health and Wellness Assessment Tool.

The need for self-care in critical care nurses is recognized on a national level. Stress, unhealthy lifestyles, and chronic disease in the general population is mirrored in nursing, affecting burnout, retention, quality outcomes, and well-being. Integrative approaches to promote well-being are supported by nursing theories and tools such as the Integrative Health and Wellness Assessment (IHWA). Through coaching techniques and the IHWA, nurses can support their self-development via self-assessment, self-reflection, self-evaluation, and self-care. This article discusses the role of the IHWA and a coaching process to aid critical care nurses in implementing sustainable self-care strategies.

The Effect of Self-Care Program Based on Modeling and Role Modeling Theory on Body Image Nurturance in Patients With Colorectal Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

One of the most critical disorders among patients with colorectal cancer is a change in their body image. This study aimed to examine the effect of a self-care program based on the modeling and role-modeling theory on nurturing body image of patients with colorectal cancer. In 2018, a 2-group randomized clinical trial was conducted in Mashhad, Iran. According to the modeling and role-modeling theory, 27 patients allocated in the experimental group received five 30- to 45-minute sessions at the hospital and 4 sessions of phone counseling within 2 weeks. Twenty-seven patients randomly allocated in the control group received the routine care. Data were collected by demographic and body image scales 3 times with the patients. The mean age of the patients in experimental and control groups was not significantly different (P = .46). The mean scores of the body image at the admission time were 26.8 ± 2.6 in the experimental and 27.9 ± 3.1 in control groups (P = .12). However, the mean scores of body image of the experimental group were 24.3 ± 4.6 at the discharge time and 28.1 ± 2.1 during the follow-up phase. In the control group, the body image scores were 21.0 ± 5.6 at discharge time and 22.9 ± 6.1 during the follow-up phase. Repeated-measures analysis of variance revealed significant differences between the 2 groups (P ≤ .001). Application of the self-care program based on the modeling and role-modeling theory can play a critical role in nurturing the body image of patients with colorectal cancer.

Do Self-healing and Self-care Mean the Same Thing?

This brief essay begins the conversation of whether self-healing and self-care, terms that have been used independently and together, do indeed mean the same thing. To support a holistic approach to nursing and patient-centered care, nursing professionals and educators should be familiar with self-healing processes and self-care acts.

Feasibility of Attachment-Focused Self-Hypnosis to Change Insecure God Attachment.

Secure God attachment is related to less psychological distress and greater well-being, while insecure God attachment is associated with higher levels of psychological distress and various forms of maladaptive coping. Cognitive resistance may arise, however, when therapists directly address insecure attachment beliefs through overt cognitive-behavioral techniques. Based on principles of the dual process model of cognition, the authors hypothesized that self-hypnosis may be a theoretically sound and feasible treatment to alter insecure attachment, since hypnosis addresses the emotional, experiential cognitive system rather than the analytical, deliberative cognitive system. To test this hypothesis, 35 college students practiced a prerecorded, self-guided hypnotic script for 6 weeks. The treatment group's scores indicated significant postintervention decreases in insecure attachment compared to a wait-list control. Qualitative responses also indicated that the majority of participants (62.8%) noticed these relationship changes and attributed them to the intervention.